Question 1

In classical conditioning, when the conditioned response is extinguished, but reappears later, the reappearance of the response is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   higher-order conditioning.
B)   instinctive drift.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   stimulus generalization.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Food and water are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   latent reinforcers
B)   higher-order reinforcers
C)   secondary reinforcers
D)   primary reinforcersE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

What kind of consequence will follow if you can't answer these questions?
-Brittany nags her father for a cookie; he keeps refusing. Finally, unable to stand the nagging any longer, he hands over the cookie. For him, silence from Brittany is a __________. For Brittany, the cookie is a __________.

Accepted Answer

negative r...

Question 4

In classical conditioning, ________ is the process of pairing a conditioned stimulus with a stimulus that elicits a response that is incompatible with an unwanted conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A)   extinction
B)   stimulus discrimination
C)   counterconditioning
D)   stimulus generalizationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A)   food
B)   pain
C)   criticism
D)   applauseE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Joan begs her father for a frosted cookie at the bakery but he refuses to buy her one. Joan continues to whine and complain until finally he breaks down and gets her the cookie. For her dad, the cessation of Joan's whiny behavior is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   positive reinforcer
B)   negative reinforcer
C)   negative punisher
D)   positive punisherE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

A(n)  ________ stimulus signals when a particular response is likely to be followed by a certain type of consequence.

Accepted Answer

A)   extinguished
B)   discriminative
C)   standard
D)   neutralE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

According to Pavlov, learning occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)   a neutral stimulus is regularly paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
B)   a response is followed by reinforcement.
C)   a negative consequence is removed after a particular response.
D)   reinforcers are given for successive approximations of the desired response.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

In classical conditioning, ________ occurs when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulus distinction
B)   extinction
C)   spontaneous recovery
D)   stimulus generalizationE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

A basic principle governing operant conditioning is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned stimuli must precede unconditioned stimuli.
B)   behaviors are controlled by their consequences.
C)   animals can only be conditioned to perform behaviors that appear spontaneously.
D)   behaviors are controlled by thoughts and mental processes.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following portrays an intrinsic reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A)   Larry receives a bonus in his paycheck for meeting his sales quota for the month.
B)   John is an architect and enjoys planning and designing the construction of buildings.
C)   Jenny is praised for her performance in the local marathon.
D)   Harry gets an 'A' for her excellent essay on American foreign policy.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Ivan Pavlov studied the reflexive flow of saliva in dogs. He used meat powder or other food to trigger the salivation. It was later observed that the salivation in the dog was triggered when the dog saw its dog dish, even before the food was placed in it. In this instance, the dog dish is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned stimulus
B)   unconditioned stimulus
C)   conditioned response
D)   unconditioned responseE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   A child learns to blink her eyes to a bell because the ringing of the bell has been followed by a puff of air to the eye.
B)   A pigeon learns to peck at a disk in a Skinner box to get food.
C)   Rich saw that when Donna banged her fist against a particular vending machine, she got a free soft drink, so now he bangs his fist against that machine when he wants a free soft drink.
D)   A monkey learns to escape from a cage.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Having one's hair lightly stroked would be a primary reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of the behaviorist perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   It recognizes that latent learning occurs without any direct reinforcement.
B)   It emphasizes the influence of prior experience on thoughts and aspects of the mind.
C)   It recognizes that mental processes are an inherent part of animal learning.
D)   It explains behavior in terms of observable acts and events, without reference to mental entities such as the "mind."E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

When Luke kissed Laura, her heart rate increased. Luke always wore Axe body spray. Whenever Laura smelled Axe body spray, her heart raced. Luke's kiss was the:

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned stimulus.
B)   unconditioned response.
C)   conditioned stimulus.
D)   conditioned response.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

From the behaviorist perspective, the reduction in pain that follows taking a placebo is a conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In Watson and Rayner's "Little Albert" study, each time the rat was presented to the boy it was accompanied by a loud noise. In this experiment, Albert's reaction of fear upon hearing the loud noise was the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned response
B)   conditioned response
C)   latent response
D)   counterconditioned responseE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Graham is a 5-year-old who has a conditioned fear of furry and hairy things. He is fond of a snack of milk and chocolate cookies and associates pleasant feelings with it. Psychologists pair a cat with the snack that Graham enjoys until his fear of the cat goes away. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   counterconditioning
B)   stimulus discrimination
C)   instinctive drift
D)   spontaneous recoveryE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 20

During operant learning, the tendency for an organism to revert to innate, species-specific behaviors is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   free will
B)   successive approximations
C)   shaping
D)   instinctive driftE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 7: Learning and Conditioning

When Luke kissed Laura, her heart rate increased. Luke always wore Axe body spray. Whenever Laura smelled Axe body spray, her heart raced. Luke's kiss was the:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true of the behaviorist perspective?

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning, ________ is the process of pairing a conditioned stimulus with a stimulus that elicits a response that is incompatible with an unwanted conditioned response.

Correct Answer
verified

What kind of consequence will follow if you can't answer these questions? -Brittany nags her father for a cookie; he keeps refusing. Finally, unable to stand the nagging any longer, he hands over the cookie. For him, silence from Brittany is a . For Brittany, the cookie is a .

Correct Answer
verified
negative r...
View Answer

A basic principle governing operant conditioning is that:

Correct Answer
verified

Food and water are examples of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning, when the conditioned response is extinguished, but reappears later, the reappearance of the response is called:

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning, ________ occurs when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified

A(n) ________ stimulus signals when a particular response is likely to be followed by a certain type of consequence.

Correct Answer
verified

Having one's hair lightly stroked would be a primary reinforcer.

Correct Answer
verified

Graham is a 5-year-old who has a conditioned fear of furry and hairy things. He is fond of a snack of milk and chocolate cookies and associates pleasant feelings with it. Psychologists pair a cat with the snack that Graham enjoys until his fear of the cat goes away. This is an example of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

During operant learning, the tendency for an organism to revert to innate, species-specific behaviors is called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

In Watson and Rayner's "Little Albert" study, each time the rat was presented to the boy it was accompanied by a loud noise. In this experiment, Albert's reaction of fear upon hearing the loud noise was the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Joan begs her father for a frosted cookie at the bakery but he refuses to buy her one. Joan continues to whine and complain until finally he breaks down and gets her the cookie. For her dad, the cessation of Joan's whiny behavior is a ________.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Pavlov, learning occurs when:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following portrays an intrinsic reinforcer?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Correct Answer
verified

From the behaviorist perspective, the reduction in pain that follows taking a placebo is a conditioned response.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Learning and Conditioning

When Luke kissed Laura, her heart rate increased. Luke always wore Axe body spray. Whenever Laura smelled Axe body spray, her heart raced. Luke's kiss was the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of the behaviorist perspective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, ________ is the process of pairing a conditioned stimulus with a stimulus that elicits a response that is incompatible with an unwanted conditioned response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What kind of consequence will follow if you can't answer these questions? -Brittany nags her father for a cookie; he keeps refusing. Finally, unable to stand the nagging any longer, he hands over the cookie. For him, silence from Brittany is a __________. For Brittany, the cookie is a __________.

Correct Answerverifiednegative r...View AnswerShow Answer

A basic principle governing operant conditioning is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Food and water are examples of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, when the conditioned response is extinguished, but reappears later, the reappearance of the response is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, ________ occurs when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) ________ stimulus signals when a particular response is likely to be followed by a certain type of consequence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Having one's hair lightly stroked would be a primary reinforcer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Graham is a 5-year-old who has a conditioned fear of furry and hairy things. He is fond of a snack of milk and chocolate cookies and associates pleasant feelings with it. Psychologists pair a cat with the snack that Graham enjoys until his fear of the cat goes away. This is an example of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During operant learning, the tendency for an organism to revert to innate, species-specific behaviors is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Watson and Rayner's "Little Albert" study, each time the rat was presented to the boy it was accompanied by a loud noise. In this experiment, Albert's reaction of fear upon hearing the loud noise was the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Joan begs her father for a frosted cookie at the bakery but he refuses to buy her one. Joan continues to whine and complain until finally he breaks down and gets her the cookie. For her dad, the cessation of Joan's whiny behavior is a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Pavlov, learning occurs when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following portrays an intrinsic reinforcer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the behaviorist perspective, the reduction in pain that follows taking a placebo is a conditioned response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What kind of consequence will follow if you can't answer these questions? -Brittany nags her father for a cookie; he keeps refusing. Finally, unable to stand the nagging any longer, he hands over the cookie. For him, silence from Brittany is a . For Brittany, the cookie is a .

Correct Answer
verified
negative r...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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