Question 1

Students who receive unusually low scores on their first psychology test can reasonably anticipate ________ scores on their second psychology test.

Accepted Answer

A)   even lower
B)   equally low
C)   somewhat higher
D)   very high

Question 2

The personal strength that enables people to cope with stress and recover from adversity is called

Accepted Answer

A)   resilience.
B)   individualism.
C)   resistance.
D)   spontaneous recovery.

Question 3

Research has shown that clients' level of satisfaction with psychotherapy

Accepted Answer

A)   is unrelated to the level of training and experience of their therapists.
B)   depends on whether they received individual treatment or group therapy.
C)   depends on whether they were treated by a cognitive therapist or a behavior therapist.
D)   depends on whether they were treated by a psychiatrist, psychologist, or social worker.

Question 4

A common ingredient underlying the success of diverse psychotherapies is the

Accepted Answer

A)   professional training and experience of the therapist.
B)   escape from real-life pressures offered by psychotherapy.
C)   length of time the client spends in psychotherapy.
D)   client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better.

Question 5

Colette received a surprisingly high grade on her first biology test. She failed to perform as well on her second test, even though she studied equally for both tests. Which of the following best explains Colette's deteriorating pattern of performance?

Accepted Answer

A)   the placebo effect
B)   systematic desensitization
C)   meta-analysis
D)   regression toward the mean

Question 6

Bolstering parents' and teachers' skills at nurturing children's achievement and resulting self-esteem best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   virtual reality exposure therapy.
B)   meta-analysis.
C)   counterconditioning.
D)   preventive mental health.

Question 7

In one experiment, Asian-American clients were more likely to perceive counselor empathy if their counselor

Accepted Answer

A)   encouraged free association.
B)   used an eclectic approach.
C)   shared the clients' cultural values.
D)   practiced systematic desensitization.

Question 8

Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with

Accepted Answer

A)   meta-analysis.
B)   psychotherapy.
C)   aversive conditioning.
D)   psychoanalysis.

Question 9

Regression toward the mean refers to the tendency for

Accepted Answer

A)   negative feelings to generalize from old relationships to new relationships.
B)   unusual events to be followed by more ordinary events.
C)   different therapeutic treatments to yield similar outcomes.
D)   pessimistic thinking to trigger maladaptive emotions.

Question 10

Dr. Judd is convinced that psychological disorders result largely from stressful social situations rather than from disturbances within the individual personality. Dr. Judd's belief is most consistent with the assumptions that underlie

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalysis.
B)   psychosurgery.
C)   drug therapy.
D)   preventive mental health.

Question 11

Hans Eysenck launched a spirited debate regarding the effectiveness of psychotherapy because he found that it appeared to be

Accepted Answer

A)   too expensive and time-consuming.
B)   less beneficial than drug therapy.
C)   helpful only for those with relatively mild disorders.
D)   no more beneficial than no treatment at all.

Question 12

Unusual ESP subjects who defy chance when first tested nearly always lose their "psychic powers" when retested. This decline is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   rTMS.
B)   progression relaxation.
C)   regression toward the mean.
D)   the placebo effect.

Question 13

Although Shawn felt terribly depressed when he began psychotherapy, he was much happier by the time he had completed therapy. It would be reasonable to attribute some of his improvement to

Accepted Answer

A)   systematic desensitization.
B)   the double-blind technique.
C)   transference.
D)   regression toward the mean.

Question 14

Many professionals outside the field of psychology are prepared to offer psychotherapy in the process of completing a graduate program in

Accepted Answer

A)   law.
B)   anthropology.
C)   social work.
D)   philosophy.

Question 15

Which approach would attempt to minimize psychological disorders by working to alleviate the conditions that cause child abuse and illiteracy in society?

Accepted Answer

A)   biomedical therapy
B)   counterconditioning
C)   preventive mental health
D)   token economy

Question 16

Ron is a 22-year-old mechanic who suffers from claustrophobia. The most effective way to treat Ron's problem would involve ________ therapy.

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive
B)   psychoanalytic
C)   client-centered
D)   behavior

Question 17

The therapeutic alliance refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the transference of feelings from earlier relationships to client-therapist interactions.
B)   a form of therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals.
C)   a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client.
D)   a program developed by the American Psychological Association to advance evidence-based practice.

Question 18

Psychologists with a Ph.D. or Psy.D. who specialize in the practice of psychotherapy are typically

Accepted Answer

A)   psychopharmacologists.
B)   clinical psychologists.
C)   psychoanalysts.
D)   psychiatrists.

Question 19

The most effective psychotherapists are those who

Accepted Answer

A)   employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients' difficulties.
B)   have had many years of experience practicing psychotherapy.
C)   establish an empathic, caring relationship with their clients.
D)   discourage clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs.

Question 20

Light exposure therapy has proven useful as a form of treatment for people suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)   bulimia.
B)   a seasonal pattern of major depressive disorder.
C)   schizophrenia.
D)   dissociative identity disorder.

Exam 53: Evaluating Psychotherapies

In one experiment, Asian-American clients were more likely to perceive counselor empathy if their counselor

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most effective psychotherapists are those who

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A common ingredient underlying the success of diverse psychotherapies is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Light exposure therapy has proven useful as a form of treatment for people suffering from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists with a Ph.D. or Psy.D. who specialize in the practice of psychotherapy are typically

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that clients' level of satisfaction with psychotherapy

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which approach would attempt to minimize psychological disorders by working to alleviate the conditions that cause child abuse and illiteracy in society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hans Eysenck launched a spirited debate regarding the effectiveness of psychotherapy because he found that it appeared to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Judd is convinced that psychological disorders result largely from stressful social situations rather than from disturbances within the individual personality. Dr. Judd's belief is most consistent with the assumptions that underlie

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although Shawn felt terribly depressed when he began psychotherapy, he was much happier by the time he had completed therapy. It would be reasonable to attribute some of his improvement to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The therapeutic alliance refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bolstering parents' and teachers' skills at nurturing children's achievement and resulting self-esteem best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Students who receive unusually low scores on their first psychology test can reasonably anticipate ________ scores on their second psychology test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ron is a 22-year-old mechanic who suffers from claustrophobia. The most effective way to treat Ron's problem would involve ________ therapy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unusual ESP subjects who defy chance when first tested nearly always lose their "psychic powers" when retested. This decline is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regression toward the mean refers to the tendency for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Colette received a surprisingly high grade on her first biology test. She failed to perform as well on her second test, even though she studied equally for both tests. Which of the following best explains Colette's deteriorating pattern of performance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The personal strength that enables people to cope with stress and recover from adversity is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many professionals outside the field of psychology are prepared to offer psychotherapy in the process of completing a graduate program in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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