Question 1

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following is the time period for phase 3?

Accepted Answer

A)   from birth to 2 months
B)   from 2 to 7 months
C)   from 7 to 24 months
D)   from 24 months on

Question 2

________ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment
B)   Temperament
C)   Perception
D)   Social referencing

Question 3

In the Strange Situation, Cameron did not explore the playroom, clung to his mother when she was in the room, and was very upset when she left the room. When she returned, he appeared to be ambivalent-wanting to be comforted by his mother but pushing her away when she attempted to do so. Mary Ainsworth would most likely classify Cameron as being

Accepted Answer

A)   securely attached.
B)   insecure avoidant.
C)   insecure resistant.
D)   insecure disorganized.

Question 4

Amy is a 5-month-old baby girl. She tends to smile and become comfortable when her mother picks her up. However, when she sees an unknown face, she gets upset and cries for her mother. Which of the following phases of Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment is Amy currently in?

Accepted Answer

A)   phase 3
B)   phase 1
C)   phase 2
D)   phase 4

Question 5

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following occurs during phase 3?

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment becomes focused on one figure, usually the primary caregiver, as the baby gradually learns to distinguish familiar from unfamiliar people.
B)   Strangers, siblings, and parents are equally likely to elicit smiling or crying from the infant.
C)   Children become aware of others' feelings, goals, and plans and begin to take these into account in forming their own actions.
D)   With increased locomotor skills, babies actively seek contact with regular caregivers, such as the mother or father.

Question 6

Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother notices that she often smiles in her sleep during the first 30 days. Identify the type of smile being described in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother...

Question 7

Which of the following best exemplifies the difference between how mothers and fathers interact with their children?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mothers smile more at their children.
B)   Fathers engage in more physical play with their children.
C)   Mothers express more emotions with their children.
D)   Fathers are less affectionate with their children.

Question 8

Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fear
B)   embarrassment
C)   jealousy
D)   pride

Question 9

Name the ethological psychiatrist who believes that both infants and their primary caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the ethological psychiatrist who believes that...

Question 10

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, what is the time period of phase 2?

Accepted Answer

A)   from 2 to 7 months
B)   from birth to 2 months
C)   from 12 to 24 months
D)   from 8 to 12 months

Question 11

What is the opinion of experts on infant socioemotional development, such as Jerome Kagan, on an infant's capacity to display emotions like guilt, pride, despair, shame, empathy, and jealousy in the first year?

Accepted Answer

A)   The structural immaturity of the infant brain makes it unlikely that such emotions can be experienced in the first year.
B)   Infants characterized by negative affectivity are more prone to experience such emotions in the first year.
C)   The excitability of the amygdala plays an important role in the development of such emotions.
D)   Cultural differences in temperament prevent Asian infants from experiencing such emotions in the first year.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding paternal caregiving is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stay-at-home fathers are rarely satisfied with their marriage.
B)   Fathers tend to be ostracized when they take their children to playgrounds.
C)   Fathers lack the ability to act as sensitively and responsively as mothers with their infants.
D)   Paternal interactions usually center on child-care activities, such as feeding, changing diapers, and bathing.

Question 13

What is temperament? Describe temperament in terms of predispositions toward emotional reactivity and self-regulation.

Accepted Answer

Temperament involves individual differen...

Question 14

Tiara is in the Strange Situation and appears dazed, confused, and fearful. She would most likely be classified as being

Accepted Answer

A)   insecure avoidant.
B)   insecure disorganized.
C)   insecure resistant.
D)   securely attached.

Question 15

The Strange Situation is an observational measure of infant attachment developed by Mary Ainsworth. It requires the infant to

Accepted Answer

A)   crawl through a dark tunnel with his or her caregiver and a stranger waiting on the other side.
B)   move through a series of introductions, separations, and reunions with his or her caregiver and a stranger.
C)   experience loud noises in a room with only a stranger present.
D)   choose between his or her mother and father in a strange situation.

Question 16

John Bowlby argued that infants develop a(n)  ________ model of attachment.

Accepted Answer

A)   external working
B)   internal working
C)   external passive
D)   internal passive

Question 17

When put on the floor to play, baby Elaine cries as if she wants to be held. When her mother picks her up though, Elaine pushes away with both arms and turns her head away. Mary Ainsworth would say that Elaine is

Accepted Answer

A)   securely attached.
B)   insecure avoidant.
C)   insecure resistant.
D)   insecure disorganized.

Question 18

Which of the following is a good example of scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A)   child-directed speech
B)   the Strange Situation
C)   a game of peek-a-boo
D)   social referencing

Question 19

The longitudinal study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1991 concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)   a majority of the child care in the first three years of life was of very high quality.
B)   a child in child care, regardless of the quality, will be more socially incompetent.
C)   the home environment is the most important predictor of attachment to caregivers.
D)   children who were given high-quality child care performed better on cognitive and language tasks.

Question 20

Identify a form of reciprocal socialization in which parents time interactions in such a way that the infant experiences turn taking with parents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify a form of reciprocal socialization in...

Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Identify a form of reciprocal socialization in which parents time interactions in such a way that the infant experiences turn taking with parents.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a good example of scaffolding?

Correct Answer
verified

The Strange Situation is an observational measure of infant attachment developed by Mary Ainsworth. It requires the infant to

Correct Answer
verified

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, what is the time period of phase 2?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best exemplifies the difference between how mothers and fathers interact with their children?

Correct Answer
verified

Name the ethological psychiatrist who believes that both infants and their primary caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments.

Correct Answer
verified

John Bowlby argued that infants develop a(n) ________ model of attachment.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following occurs during phase 3?

Correct Answer
verified

Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions, ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Amy is a 5-month-old baby girl. She tends to smile and become comfortable when her mother picks her up. However, when she sees an unknown face, she gets upset and cries for her mother. Which of the following phases of Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment is Amy currently in?

Correct Answer
verified

When put on the floor to play, baby Elaine cries as if she wants to be held. When her mother picks her up though, Elaine pushes away with both arms and turns her head away. Mary Ainsworth would say that Elaine is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements regarding paternal caregiving is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother notices that she often smiles in her sleep during the first 30 days. Identify the type of smile being described in this scenario.

Correct Answer
verified

Tiara is in the Strange Situation and appears dazed, confused, and fearful. She would most likely be classified as being

Correct Answer
verified

What is temperament? Describe temperament in terms of predispositions toward emotional reactivity and self-regulation.

Correct Answer
verified
Temperament involves individual differen...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

The longitudinal study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1991 concluded that

Correct Answer
verified

________ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the opinion of experts on infant socioemotional development, such as Jerome Kagan, on an infant's capacity to display emotions like guilt, pride, despair, shame, empathy, and jealousy in the first year?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following is the time period for phase 3?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Identify a form of reciprocal socialization in which parents time interactions in such a way that the infant experiences turn taking with parents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a good example of scaffolding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Strange Situation is an observational measure of infant attachment developed by Mary Ainsworth. It requires the infant to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, what is the time period of phase 2?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best exemplifies the difference between how mothers and fathers interact with their children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the ethological psychiatrist who believes that both infants and their primary caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

John Bowlby argued that infants develop a(n) ________ model of attachment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following occurs during phase 3?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amy is a 5-month-old baby girl. She tends to smile and become comfortable when her mother picks her up. However, when she sees an unknown face, she gets upset and cries for her mother. Which of the following phases of Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment is Amy currently in?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When put on the floor to play, baby Elaine cries as if she wants to be held. When her mother picks her up though, Elaine pushes away with both arms and turns her head away. Mary Ainsworth would say that Elaine is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding paternal caregiving is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother notices that she often smiles in her sleep during the first 30 days. Identify the type of smile being described in this scenario.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tiara is in the Strange Situation and appears dazed, confused, and fearful. She would most likely be classified as being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is temperament? Describe temperament in terms of predispositions toward emotional reactivity and self-regulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedTemperament involves individual differen...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The longitudinal study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1991 concluded that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the opinion of experts on infant socioemotional development, such as Jerome Kagan, on an infant's capacity to display emotions like guilt, pride, despair, shame, empathy, and jealousy in the first year?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following is the time period for phase 3?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Temperament involves individual differen...
View Answer

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