Question 1

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding puberty for girls and boys?

Accepted Answer

A)  Testosterone is present in boys only,and estradiol is present in girls only.
B)  The peak rate of pubertal change occurs at the age of 12 for both boys and girls.
C)  Both male and female adolescents are preoccupied with their bodies.
D)  In the United States,children mature up to two years later than children in European countries.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The amygdala,a structure particularly involved with emotion,matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex.This may account for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescents' increased information processing speed
B)  adolescents' risky,impulsive behavior
C)  early onset of puberty
D)  adolescents' sharper self-regulatory skillsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

The prefrontal cortex,which is the highest level of the frontal lobes,is involved in reasoning,decision making,and self-control.It finishes most of its development during

Accepted Answer

A)  early childhood.
B)  late adolescence.
C)  emerging adulthood.
D)  older adulthood.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Average North American babies double their birth weight by what age?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 month
B)  4 months
C)  8 months
D)  10 monthsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Sammi was born 3 days ago and has lost 3 percent of her body weight.Should her parents be concerned?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes.Sammi's parents should consult her pediatrician immediately.
B)  No.Babies normally lose between 5 and 7 percent of their body weight within the first few days after birth.
C)  No.Babies normally lose between 9 and 12 percent of their body weight within the first few days after birth.
D)  Maybe.Sammi's parents should begin supplementing breast-feeding with baby formula and weigh her twice a day to ensure no more weight is lost.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

In prenatal development,the head and its features grow in size and differentiation before the neck,shoulders,trunk,and limbs.What is this pattern of development called?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximodistal
B)  cephalocaudal
C)  sarcopenia
D)  lateralizationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor related to sudden infant death syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive exposure to cigarette smoke
B)  congenital heart disease
C)  sleeping in a bedroom with a fan
D)  having siblings who have died of SIDSE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

When engaging in cognitive tasks,older brains may compensate for the effects of aging with less

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine.
B)  lateralization.
C)  acetylcholine.
D)  myelination.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

What is meant by the "blooming and pruning" analogy of brain development?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brain produces many more dendrite and synapse connections than it uses (blooming) .Unused connections disappear or are replaced (pruning) .
B)  Early brain function is not specialized by location (blooming) .Lateralization (pruning) occurs around 2 years of age.
C)  Myelination produces the brain's bumpy surface (blooming) .Brain activity and learning smoothes this surface (pruning) .
D)  Areas of the brain mature gradually and uniformly during the first half of life (blooming) and decline in the same manner during the second half of life (pruning) .E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Just as _____ has been coming earlier,_____ has been coming later.

Accepted Answer

A)  puberty; menarche
B)  menarche; puberty
C)  puberty; menopause
D)  menopause; menarcheE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter has been associated with increased reward-seeking and risk-taking in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine
B)  acetylcholine
C)  testosterone
D)  estradiolE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Specialization of functions in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is called

Accepted Answer

A)  myelination.
B)  neuroconstructivist view.
C)  lateralization.
D)  plasticity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

If within the average range of height loss compared to her 25-year-old self,she may lose as much as

Accepted Answer

A)  ¼ of an inch.
B)  ½ of an inch.
C)  an inch.
D)  two inches.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

A newborn's brain is _____ percent of its adult weight and grows to _____ percent of its adult weight by 2 years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  10; 20
B)  15; 25
C)  25; 50
D)  25; 75E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Researchers have extended the life of a human cell by

Accepted Answer

A)  removing the caps of DNA molecules.
B)  injecting it with telomerase.
C)  rearranging the DNA sequences.
D)  splicing the 18th and 19th chromosomes.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

What happens to the brain's weight and volume as it ages?

Accepted Answer

A)  weight increases,volume decreases
B)  volume increases,weight decreases
C)  weight and volume increase
D)  weight and volume decreaseE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which structure of the limbic system is especially involved in emotion and would likely be a major source of surging emotions in a sixteen-year-old?

Accepted Answer

A)  the amygdala
B)  the frontal lobes
C)  GABA
D)  the hypothalamusE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

What hormone is produced by the brain's pineal gland when preparing the body for sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  melatonin
B)  cortisol
C)  testosterone
D)  estrogenE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true about sleep in adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poor sleep can result in earlier death.
B)  Many older adults go to bed earlier and wake up earlier than adolescents and emerging adults.
C)  Sleep problems in middle-aged adults are more common in those who are obese.
D)  The average American adult gets just under 6 hours of sleep a night.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to reduce the risk of SIDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place infants on their sides to sleep.
B)  Place infants on their backs to sleep.
C)  Infants should sleep next to a parent to ensure quick response to breathing pauses.
D)  Place infants on their stomachs to sleep.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: Physical Development and Biological Aging

Average North American babies double their birth weight by what age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What hormone is produced by the brain's pineal gland when preparing the body for sleep?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What happens to the brain's weight and volume as it ages?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A newborn's brain is _____ percent of its adult weight and grows to _____ percent of its adult weight by 2 years of age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor related to sudden infant death syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prefrontal cortex,which is the highest level of the frontal lobes,is involved in reasoning,decision making,and self-control.It finishes most of its development during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about sleep in adulthood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Specialization of functions in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have extended the life of a human cell by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is meant by the "blooming and pruning" analogy of brain development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If within the average range of height loss compared to her 25-year-old self,she may lose as much as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When engaging in cognitive tasks,older brains may compensate for the effects of aging with less

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sammi was born 3 days ago and has lost 3 percent of her body weight.Should her parents be concerned?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to reduce the risk of SIDS?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The amygdala,a structure particularly involved with emotion,matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex.This may account for which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure of the limbic system is especially involved in emotion and would likely be a major source of surging emotions in a sixteen-year-old?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding puberty for girls and boys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which neurotransmitter has been associated with increased reward-seeking and risk-taking in adolescence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Just as _____ has been coming earlier,_____ has been coming later.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In prenatal development,the head and its features grow in size and differentiation before the neck,shoulders,trunk,and limbs.What is this pattern of development called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A newborn's brain is _ percent of its adult weight and grows to _ percent of its adult weight by 2 years of age.

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Just as _ has been coming earlier,_ has been coming later.

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