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If a tax shifts the supply curve downward (or to the right) , we can infer that the tax was levied on


A) buyers of the good.
B) sellers of the good.
C) both buyers and sellers of the good.
D) We cannot infer anything because the shift described is not consistent with a tax.

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A tax placed on buyers of tuxedoes shifts the


A) demand curve for tuxedoes downward, decreasing the price received by sellers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to increase.
B) demand curve for tuxedoes downward, decreasing the price received by sellers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to decrease.
C) supply curve for tuxedoes upward, decreasing the effective price paid by buyers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to increase.
D) supply curve for tuxedoes upward, increasing the effective price paid by buyers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to decrease.

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Figure 8-10 Figure 8-10   -Refer to Figure 8-10. Suppose the government imposes a tax that reduces the quantity sold in the market after the tax to Q2. With the tax, the consumer surplus is A) (P0-P2)  x Q2. B) 1/2 x (P0-P2)  x Q2. C) (P0-P5)  x Q5. D) 1/2 x (P0-P5)  x Q5. -Refer to Figure 8-10. Suppose the government imposes a tax that reduces the quantity sold in the market after the tax to Q2. With the tax, the consumer surplus is


A) (P0-P2) x Q2.
B) 1/2 x (P0-P2) x Q2.
C) (P0-P5) x Q5.
D) 1/2 x (P0-P5) x Q5.

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The supply curve for motor oil is the typical upward-sloping straight line, and the demand curve for motor oil is the typical downward-sloping straight line. When motor oil is taxed, the area on the relevant supply-and-demand graph that represents the deadweight loss is


A) larger than the area that represents consumer surplus in the absence of the tax.
B) larger than the area that represents government's tax revenue.
C) a triangle.
D) All of the above are correct.

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The less freedom people are given to choose the date of their retirement, the


A) more elastic is the supply of labor.
B) less elastic is the supply of labor.
C) flatter is the labor supply curve.
D) smaller is the decrease in employment that will result from a tax on labor.

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Figure 8-3 The vertical distance between points A and C represents a tax in the market. Figure 8-3 The vertical distance between points A and C represents a tax in the market.   -Refer to Figure 8-3. The loss in consumer surplus caused by the tax is measured by the area A) P1P3AC. B) P3ABP2. C) P1P3ABC. D) ABC. -Refer to Figure 8-3. The loss in consumer surplus caused by the tax is measured by the area


A) P1P3AC.
B) P3ABP2.
C) P1P3ABC.
D) ABC.

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Figure 8-1 Figure 8-1   -Refer to Figure 8-1. Suppose the government imposes a tax of P' - P'''. The deadweight loss due to the tax is measured by the area A) J+K+L+M. B) J+K+L+M+N. C) I+Y. D) I+Y+B. -Refer to Figure 8-1. Suppose the government imposes a tax of P' - P'''. The deadweight loss due to the tax is measured by the area


A) J+K+L+M.
B) J+K+L+M+N.
C) I+Y.
D) I+Y+B.

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Figure 8-11 Figure 8-11   -Refer to Figure 8-11. Suppose Q<sub>1</sub> = 4; Q<sub>2</sub> = 7; P<sub>1</sub> = $6; P<sub>2</sub> = $8; and P<sub>3</sub> = $10. Then, when the tax is imposed, A) consumer surplus decreases by $11. B) producer surplus decreases by $11. C) the deadweight loss amounts to $6. D) All of the above are correct. -Refer to Figure 8-11. Suppose Q1 = 4; Q2 = 7; P1 = $6; P2 = $8; and P3 = $10. Then, when the tax is imposed,


A) consumer surplus decreases by $11.
B) producer surplus decreases by $11.
C) the deadweight loss amounts to $6.
D) All of the above are correct.

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Economist Arthur Laffer made the argument that tax rates in the United States were so high that reducing the rates would increase tax revenue.

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Suppose the government places a per-unit tax on a good. The smaller the price elasticities of demand and supply for the good, the


A) smaller the deadweight loss from the tax.
B) greater the deadweight loss from the tax.
C) less efficient is the tax.
D) more equitable is the distribution of the tax burden between buyers and sellers.

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Figure 8-17 Figure 8-17   -Refer to Figure 8-17. Suppose the government imposes a $1 tax in each of the four markets represented by demand curves D1, D2, D3, and D4. The deadweight will be the smallest in the market represented by A) D1. B) D2. C) D3. D) D4. -Refer to Figure 8-17. Suppose the government imposes a $1 tax in each of the four markets represented by demand curves D1, D2, D3, and D4. The deadweight will be the smallest in the market represented by


A) D1.
B) D2.
C) D3.
D) D4.

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Scenario 8-3 Suppose the market demand and market supply curves are given by the equations: Scenario 8-3 Suppose the market demand and market supply curves are given by the equations:   -Refer to Scenario 8-3. Suppose that a tax of T is placed on buyers so that the demand curve becomes:    If T = 40, how many units will be bought and sold after the tax is imposed? -Refer to Scenario 8-3. Suppose that a tax of T is placed on buyers so that the demand curve becomes: Scenario 8-3 Suppose the market demand and market supply curves are given by the equations:   -Refer to Scenario 8-3. Suppose that a tax of T is placed on buyers so that the demand curve becomes:    If T = 40, how many units will be bought and sold after the tax is imposed? If T = 40, how many units will be bought and sold after the tax is imposed?

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120 units will be bo...

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The less freedom young mothers have to work outside the home, the


A) more elastic the supply of labor will be.
B) less elastic the supply of labor will be.
C) more horizontal the labor supply curve will be.
D) larger is the decrease in employment that will result from a tax on labor.

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Suppose the demand curve and the supply curve in a market are both linear. To begin, there was a $5 tax per unit, and the $5 tax resulted in a deadweight loss of $1,500. Now, the tax per unit is higher, with the higher tax resulting in a deadweight loss of $6,000. What is the amount of the new tax per unit?

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The new tax per unit is $10. D...

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According to Arthur Laffer, the graph that represents the amount of tax revenue (measured on the vertical axis) as a function of the size of the tax (measured on the horizontal axis) looks like


A) a U.
B) an upside-down U.
C) a horizontal straight line.
D) an upward-sloping line or curve.

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Scenario 8-3 Suppose the market demand and market supply curves are given by the equations: Scenario 8-3 Suppose the market demand and market supply curves are given by the equations:   -Refer to Scenario 8-3. Suppose that a tax of T is placed on buyers so that the demand curve becomes:    What price will sellers receive and what price will buyers pay after the tax is imposed? -Refer to Scenario 8-3. Suppose that a tax of T is placed on buyers so that the demand curve becomes: Scenario 8-3 Suppose the market demand and market supply curves are given by the equations:   -Refer to Scenario 8-3. Suppose that a tax of T is placed on buyers so that the demand curve becomes:    What price will sellers receive and what price will buyers pay after the tax is imposed? What price will sellers receive and what price will buyers pay after the tax is imposed?

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Buyers wil...

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Figure 8-3 The vertical distance between points A and C represents a tax in the market. Figure 8-3 The vertical distance between points A and C represents a tax in the market.   -Refer to Figure 8-3. The equilibrium price before the tax is imposed is A) P1. B) P2. C) P3. D) P4. -Refer to Figure 8-3. The equilibrium price before the tax is imposed is


A) P1.
B) P2.
C) P3.
D) P4.

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What happens to the total surplus in a market when the government imposes a tax?


A) Total surplus increases by the amount of the tax.
B) Total surplus increases but by less than the amount of the tax.
C) Total surplus decreases.
D) Total surplus is unaffected by the tax.

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The benefit that government receives from a tax is measured by


A) deadweight loss.
B) consumer surplus.
C) tax incidence.
D) tax revenue.

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Figure 8-2 The vertical distance between points A and B represents a tax in the market. Figure 8-2 The vertical distance between points A and B represents a tax in the market.   -Refer to Figure 8-2. The loss of producer surplus for those sellers of the good who continue to sell it after the tax is imposed is A) $0. B) $1. C) $2. D) $3. -Refer to Figure 8-2. The loss of producer surplus for those sellers of the good who continue to sell it after the tax is imposed is


A) $0.
B) $1.
C) $2.
D) $3.

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