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Which of the following statements is incorrect?


A) Pacemakers for heart patients are powered by a plutonium-238 power device.
B) Iodine-131 is used for diagnosing thyroid tumors since iodine is preferentially absorbed by the thyroid gland.
C) Metastable technetium-99 is used for medical diagnosis because it is absorbed by tumor cells, but not normal brain cells.
D) Carbon-14 is used for PET imaging due to its long half-life and stability.
E) Gamma radiation from cobalt-60 is used to treat cancer patients.

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Identify the particle emitted by the nucleus that undergoes the transformation shown in the figure. Identify the particle emitted by the nucleus that undergoes the transformation shown in the figure. A) an alpha particle B) a beta particle (electron) C) a positron D) a gamma ray E) a neutron


A) an alpha particle
B) a beta particle (electron)
C) a positron
D) a gamma ray
E) a neutron

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Gamma radiation is the most penetrating type of radiation.

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What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E) + What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E) → _____ + What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E)


A) What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E)
B) What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E)
C) What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E)
D) What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E)
E) What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → _____ + A) B) C) D) E)

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What substance must be contained at high temperature in order to make fusion a viable energy source for a power plant?

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To make fusion a viable energy source fo...

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Which of the following changes occur to the nucleus when a heavy element undergoes alpha particle emission?


A) Only the number of neutrons decreases.
B) Only the number of protons decreases.
C) Only the number of neutrons increases.
D) Only the number of protons increases.
E) Both the number of neutrons and protons decreases.

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Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 yr. A living organism has an activity of 15.2 counts per minute (cpm) per gram of carbon. If a bone is determined to have an activity of 1.90 cpm per gram of carbon, how old is the bone?


A) 5730 yr
B) 17,200 yr
C) 22,900 yr
D) 8600 yr
E) 11,500 yr

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Iridium-192 has a half-life of 74 days. How long will it take for 75% of the isotope to decay?


A) 74 days
B) 111 days
C) 37 days
D) 185 days
E) 148 days

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Bombardment of cobalt-59 with a neutron produces a manganese-56 atom and another particle. What is this particle?


A) an alpha particle
B) a beta particle (electron)
C) a positron
D) a gamma ray
E) a neutron

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What type of radioactive decay would be expected for the unstable nuclide What type of radioactive decay would be expected for the unstable nuclide ? A) alpha particle emission B) beta particle (electron) emission C) positron emission D) gamma ray emission E) neutron emission ?


A) alpha particle emission
B) beta particle (electron) emission
C) positron emission
D) gamma ray emission
E) neutron emission

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What product is formed when What product is formed when undergoes 2 alpha emissions and 2 beta emissions in a total of four steps? A) lead-234 B) radon-234 C) thorium-230 D) radon-232 E) radon-228 undergoes 2 alpha emissions and 2 beta emissions in a total of four steps?


A) lead-234
B) radon-234
C) thorium-230
D) radon-232
E) radon-228

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Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 yr. A living organism has an activity of 15.2 counts per minute (cpm) per gram of carbon. If a bone is determined to have an activity of 3.80 cpm per gram of carbon, how old is the bone?


A) 5730 yr
B) 17,200 yr
C) 22,900 yr
D) 8600 yr
E) 11,500 yr

Correct Answer

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Which of the following processes results in the conversion of a neutron to a proton within a nucleus?


A) alpha particle emission
B) beta ( Which of the following processes results in the conversion of a neutron to a proton within a nucleus? A) alpha particle emission B) beta ( ) particle emission C) positron emission D) neutron emission E) proton emission ) particle emission
C) positron emission
D) neutron emission
E) proton emission

Correct Answer

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Alpha particles are equivalent to


A) He atoms.
B) H atoms.
C) electrons.
D) positrons
E) He nuclei.

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Which of the following statements regarding nuclear chemistry is correct?


A) In the lighter elements that are stable, the neutron to proton ratio is about 2.
B) Nuclides inside the band of stability are radioactive.
C) A positron is a particle that is similar to an electron, except that it has a positive charge.
D) A beta particle is a particle that has less penetrating ability than an alpha particle.
E) An alpha particle is equivalent to the nucleus of a hydrogen atom.

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The half-life of iodine-123 is 13.3 hours. How much of a 50.0 mg sample will remain after 39.9 hours?


A) 50.0 mg
B) 25.0 mg
C) 12.5 mg
D) 6.25 mg
E) 3.12 mg

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Which of the following processes results in the conversion of a proton to a neutron within a nucleus?


A) alpha particle emission
B) beta ( Which of the following processes results in the conversion of a proton to a neutron within a nucleus? A) alpha particle emission B) beta ( ) particle emission C) positron emission D) neutron emission E) proton emission ) particle emission
C) positron emission
D) neutron emission
E) proton emission

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The type of reaction that powers the sun is a fission reaction.

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The half-life of iodine-131 is 8.1 days. How much of a 45.0 mg sample will remain after 24.3 days?


A) 2.81 mg
B) 5.62 mg
C) 11.2 mg
D) 22.5 mg
E) 45.0 mg

Correct Answer

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Uranium-238 decays by alpha emission to form a new nuclide. Identify the new nuclide.


A) neptunium-238
B) protactinium-238
C) thorium-234
D) thorium-238
E) uranium-235

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