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Outsourcing production to third-party firms is called _____.

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contract m...

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Many firms have developed innovative information systems, only to find that employees fail to adopt these tools. How does Zara encourage store managers to effectively use the systems deployed in stores? Managers have 'skin in the game,' with compensation tied to overall store performance. Store performance is improved through manager's use of information systems that help ensure that fashions arrive in store tailored to customer feedback, requests, and preferences.

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Zara holds a competitive advantage over its rivals in spite of:


A) refusing to implement technology in its operational model.
B) conducting business only through online storefronts.
C) its globally distributed contract manufacturing model.
D) operating through fewer stores across the world than its closest rivals.
E) Keeping large portions of its production processes in-house.

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What role does Zara's headquarters play in the running of its stores?

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Zara's store managers, armed with person...

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Zara also saves money by simplifying pricing. An item sold in Bangkok is likely to cost the same as a similar item sold in Barcelona.

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Our analysis of Inditex's Zara stores showed the power of data to fuel competitive advantage. List the two acronyms for technologies that Zara uses to collect data in stores, and describe what the data from each of these respective systems 'tells' the firm.

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POS - what the store...

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How does Zara differ from its competitors in converting ideas into products?


A) Zara concepts appear in stores in fifteen days on average compared to rivals who receive new styles once or twice a season.
B) Zara's ideas are inspired by social media, compared to the intrinsic design processes followed by its competitors.
C) Zara's design and concept teams use data from customers to predict fashion trends many months into the future and stock up inventory accordingly, as opposed to its rivals.
D) Collaborations with celebrities help Zara churn out a limited, yet profitable, volume of items every year, while rivals produce a higher volume of less fashionable items.
E) By focusing on a smaller number of products than rivals like Gap, Zara manages to limit exposure to wrong guesses.

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When a single firm owns several layers in its value chain, it is said to be _______________.

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vertically...

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Zara's IT expenditure, measured by IT workers as a percentage of total employees, is only slightly higher than the industry average.

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Zara's clothing look like high fashion, but are comparatively inexpensive.

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Why has Zara been more effective in leveraging technology to enhance its operating strategies than its rivals? Provide an example to contrast Zara's handling of technology in its operations.

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Whether measured by IT workers as a perc...

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The Fair Factories Clearinghouse is subject to network effects.

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_____ is a non-profit organization that shares audit information on contract manufacturers among members of the apparel industry and other industries.


A) Fair Factories Clearinghouse
B) Pricewaterhouse Coopers
C) Amnesty International
D) Klynveld Main Goerdeler
E) Transparency International

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At Zara, clothes are ironed in advance and packed on hangers, with security and price tags affixed. This system means that employees in Zara stores simply move items from shipping box to store racks, spending most of their time on:


A) outsourcing their sales activities.
B) value-added functions like helping customers find what they want.
C) wrestling with inventory during busy periods.
D) packing unsold merchandise that need to be returned to the distribution center.
E) whisking items from their stores to the staging areas.

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ROI is a term used to represent the:


A) return on information
B) rate of information-generated
C) regular order intake
D) return on investment
E) relay-ordered inventory

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What is contract manufacturing? What advantages can a firm expect to gain from contract manufacturing? What are the downsides associated with this practice? Contract manufacturing refers to outsourcing production to third-party firms. Firms that use contract manufacturers do not own the plants or directly employ the workers who produce the requested goods. Conventional wisdom suggests that leveraging cheap contract manufacturing in developing countries can keep the cost of goods low and allow firms to leverage specialized manufacturing expertise if production is not seen as core to competitive advantage. Firms can lower prices and sell more products or maintain higher profit margins. Many firms have also experienced the ugly downside to this practice. Global competition among contract firms has led to race-to-the-bottom cost-cutting measures. Too often, this means that in order to have the low-cost bid, contract firms skimp on safety, ignore environmental concerns, employ child labor, and engage in other ghastly practices. Big firms are big targets and those that fail to adequately ensure their products are made under acceptable labor conditions risk a brand-damaging backlash that may turn off customers, repel new hires, and leave current staff feeling betrayed.

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Zara is susceptible to any disruption in northern Spain because:


A) it moves all of its deliveries through just two locations, both in Spain.
B) it conducts its trade operations based on the American dollar rather than the stronger euro.
C) most of Zara's products are sold in markets outside Spain and Europe.
D) Zara's products are sold at much lower costs around the world than in Spain, and this harms profitability.
E) Zara's production facilities in Asia and Central America are threatening employment in Spain.

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How does RFID improve in-store customer service?

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RFID lets Zara know where products are, ...

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Zara's IT expenditure is low by fashion industry standards and is also highly effective. Which of the following makes this possible?


A) Targeting technology investment at points in the value chain where it has the most significant impact.
B) Utilizing the money spent on IT infrastructure to improve the IT skills of its employees through training programs.
C) Using the best and most expensive software and ware in the market, as it lowers any maintenance costs later.
D) Outsourcing IT management to third-party firms which provide IT services at lower costs.
E) Investing IT funding in improving the infrastructure and cutting down employee overhead costs.

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An information system consists of ware, software, data, procedures, and the people who interact with and are impacted by the system.

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