Question 1

Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   global; specific
B)   implicit; explicit
C)   optimistic; pessimistic
D)   reactive; proactive

Question 2

One requirement of scientific statements is that they be

Accepted Answer

A)   based on extrasensory perception.
B)   open to falsification.
C)   based on an epiphanic act of knowledge.
D)   evaluated by their compellingness.

Question 3

Subjective data differ from objective data because

Accepted Answer

A)   subjective data are not based on empirical data.
B)   subjective data are more difficult to validate consensually.
C)   psychologists are not concerned with subjective data.
D)   subjective data refer to things outside the self.

Question 4

A model or concept of the world that is shared by the members of the community and that governs their activities is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   paradigm.
B)   operational definition.
C)   philosophical assumption.
D)   scientific statement.

Question 5

What do personality theorists seek to accomplish in their role of scientists?

Accepted Answer

A)   They deal with the study of ultimate reality.
B)   They apply their findings to foster better living.
C)   They explore what it means to be a person.
D)   They test hypotheses to explain human behavior.

Question 6

Which of the following personality theorists considered the concept of personality to be unnecessary?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gordon Allport
B)   Sigmund Freud
C)   Carl Rogers
D)   B. F. Skinner

Question 7

The compatibility of a hypothesis refers to its

Accepted Answer

A)   simplicity of purpose.
B)   compelling epiphanic character.
C)   agreement with previously established information.
D)   ability to generate confirmatory findings.

Question 8

Who is most closely associated with the term paradigm as applied to scientific study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sigmund Freud
B)   Thomas Kuhn
C)   B. F. Skinner
D)   Carl Rogers

Question 9

John Watson recommended that psychologists should emphasize the study of

Accepted Answer

A)   overt behaviors.
B)   mental processes.
C)   introspection.
D)   covert behaviors.

Question 10

John Watson's extreme behaviorist views were adopted and taken even further by

Accepted Answer

A)   Gordon Allport.
B)   Carl Rogers.
C)   Sigmund Freud
D)   B.F. Skinner

Question 11

Sasha can be characterized as shy,tired,hungry,and attractive.Which of the following describes one of Sasha's personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A)   She is shy.
B)   She is attractive.
C)   She is tired.
D)   She is hungry.

Question 12

When we use the term personality in everyday speech,we are usually referring to

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious forces.
B)   an unorganized pattern of the perception of "I."
C)   that which determines an individual's behavior.
D)   an individual's public image or social role.

Question 13

An experiment is a research method in which the researcher

Accepted Answer

A)   systematically varies one factor to see if it has any effect on another factor.
B)   assumes that changes in the dependent variable create changes in the independent variable.
C)   systematically varies two or more factors at the same time and records the results.
D)   is able to make predictions in everyday life with the same precision as in the laboratory.

Question 14

Historically,formal discussion of theories of personality have been dominated by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   Western focus.
B)   feminist focus.
C)   Afrocentric focus.
D)   Asian focus.

Question 15

Scientists use the term __________________ to describe agreement among observers.

Accepted Answer

A)   validity
B)   consensual validation
C)   subjective data
D)   generalization

Question 16

What is a paradigm,and how is this concept relevant to the study of personality?

Accepted Answer

A paradigm is a set of beliefs, values, ...

Question 17

One of the philosophical issues about which personality theorists debate is uniqueness versus universality.Which of these two points of view do you prefer?

Accepted Answer

As a personality theorist, I believe tha...

Question 18

Why are theories of personality constructed?

Accepted Answer

A)   To help us understand human nature
B)   To zero in on one general explanation
C)   To sum up research
D)   Because they're necessitated by nature

Question 19

Identify three major motives or goals of therapy and give an example of a therapy that addresses each goal.

Accepted Answer

1. Relief of symptoms: One major goal of...

Question 20

People of ________________ have engaged in scholarly efforts to understand themselves by constructing theories of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)   North America
B)   the United States and Europe
C)   all cultures
D)   the Western world

Exam 1: Introduction Evaluating Personality Theories

Identify three major motives or goals of therapy and give an example of a therapy that addresses each goal.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AI1. Relief of symptoms: One major goal of...View AnswerShow Answer

When we use the term personality in everyday speech,we are usually referring to

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Who is most closely associated with the term paradigm as applied to scientific study?

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Scientists use the term __________________ to describe agreement among observers.

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A model or concept of the world that is shared by the members of the community and that governs their activities is called a(n)

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John Watson's extreme behaviorist views were adopted and taken even further by

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Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as ________ is to ________.

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One of the philosophical issues about which personality theorists debate is uniqueness versus universality.Which of these two points of view do you prefer?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAs a personality theorist, I believe tha...View AnswerShow Answer

What is a paradigm,and how is this concept relevant to the study of personality?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIA paradigm is a set of beliefs, values, ...View AnswerShow Answer

People of ________________ have engaged in scholarly efforts to understand themselves by constructing theories of personality.

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Sasha can be characterized as shy,tired,hungry,and attractive.Which of the following describes one of Sasha's personality traits?

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Historically,formal discussion of theories of personality have been dominated by a(n)

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Why are theories of personality constructed?

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What do personality theorists seek to accomplish in their role of scientists?

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John Watson recommended that psychologists should emphasize the study of

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The compatibility of a hypothesis refers to its

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Which of the following personality theorists considered the concept of personality to be unnecessary?

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An experiment is a research method in which the researcher

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Subjective data differ from objective data because

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One requirement of scientific statements is that they be

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1. Relief of symptoms: One major goal of...
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Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as is to .

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As a personality theorist, I believe tha...
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A paradigm is a set of beliefs, values, ...
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