Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the carbon atoms present in a seed-eating bird?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inorganic carbon atoms in the seeds were incorporated into organic molecules by the bird.
B)  The carbon atoms ultimately came from the soil.
C)  The carbon atoms are ultimately derived from coal.
D)  The carbon atoms ultimately came from carbon dioxide incorporated into sugars through photosynthesis.
E)  The carbon atoms ultimately came from simple organic compounds that formed abiotically from inorganic carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.

Question 2

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-In which of the structures illustrated above are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  C, D, and E only
E)  none of the structures

Question 3

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
B)  types of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
C)  arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
D)  number of oxygen atoms joined to carbon atoms by double covalent bonds.
E)  number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; the types of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; and the arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.

Question 4

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 5

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ketone and methyl
B)  carbonyl and amino
C)  carboxyl and amino
D)  amino and sulfhydryl
E)  hydroxyl and carboxyl

Question 6

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which of the structures illustrated above is an impossible covalently bonded molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 7

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating the differences between three organic compounds. They all have the same carbon skeleton but have differences in their functional groups.
-Which functional group is not present in this molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxyl
B)  sulfhydryl
C)  hydroxyl
D)  amino

Question 8

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecule shown above has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 9

Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below do NOT depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)

Question 10

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms can have different structures in all of the following ways except

Accepted Answer

A)  by branching of the carbon skeleton.
B)  by varying the number of double bonds between carbon atoms.
C)  by varying the position of double bonds between carbon atoms.
D)  by forming a ring.
E)  by forming enantiomers.

Question 11

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecule shown above contains a carboxyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 12

Which of the following people used this apparatus to study the formation of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanley Miller
B)  Jakob Berzelius
C)  Friedrich Wohler
D)  Hermann Kolbe
E)  August Kekulé

Question 13

Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)

Question 14

Answer the following questions based on the figure below.
 
-Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 15

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which of the groups above is a basic functional group that can accept H⁺ and become positively charged?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 16

Of the biologically important functional groups listed below, which acts as a base?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydroxyl
B)  carboxyl
C)  amino
D)  sulfhydryl
E)  methyl

Question 17

Which of the following people was the first to synthesize an organic compound, urea, from inorganic starting materials?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanley Miller
B)  Jakob Berzelius
C)  Friedrich Wohler
D)  Hermann Kolbe
E)  August Kekulé

Question 18

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4
E)  8

Question 19

Hydrocarbons are ________ because most of their bonds are ________ carbon-hydrogen links.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophilic; polar
B)  hydrophilic; charged
C)  hydrophobic; polar
D)  hydrophobic; non-polar
E)  inorganic; not

Question 20

Hermann Kolbe's synthesis of an organic compound, acetic acid, from inorganic substances that had been prepared directly from pure elements, was a significant milestone for what reason?

Accepted Answer

A)  It solved an industrial shortage of acetic acid.
B)  It proved that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic compounds.
C)  It disproved the concept of vitalism.
D)  It showed that life originated from simple inorganic chemicals.
E)  It proved that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic compounds and disproved the concept of vitalism.

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?

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Which of the following people used this apparatus to study the formation of organic compounds?

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Of the biologically important functional groups listed below, which acts as a base?

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Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule?

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Hydrocarbons are ________ because most of their bonds are ________ carbon-hydrogen links.

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Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the

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Hermann Kolbe's synthesis of an organic compound, acetic acid, from inorganic substances that had been prepared directly from pure elements, was a significant milestone for what reason?

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the structures illustrated above is an impossible covalently bonded molecule?

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Use the following information to answer the questions below. You are investigating the differences between three organic compounds. They all have the same carbon skeleton but have differences in their functional groups. -Which functional group is not present in this molecule?

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Which of the following statements best describes the carbon atoms present in a seed-eating bird?

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How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

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Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms can have different structures in all of the following ways except

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the groups above is a basic functional group that can accept H⁺ and become positively charged?

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above contains a carboxyl group?

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Which of the following people was the first to synthesize an organic compound, urea, from inorganic starting materials?

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Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -In which of the structures illustrated above are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

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Which of the pairs of molecular structures shown below do NOT depict enantiomers (enantiomeric forms) of the same molecule?

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Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule.

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Hydrocarbons are because most of their bonds are carbon-hydrogen links.

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