Question 1

We feel empathic concern in all of the following situations except

Accepted Answer

A)  when we value another's welfare.
B)  when we take another's perspective.
C)  when we perceive someone as being in need.
D)  when we are related to the person in neeD.

Question 2

Belle is deliriously happy because she has recently fallen in love with Sean.Which of the following behaviors should we most likely expect from Belle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Belle will display more egoistic behaviors.
B)  Belle will display more helpful behaviors.
C)  How helpful Belle is will not change as the result of her new happiness.
D)  Belle will be more helpful only to Sean,but her behaviors to her co-workers will remain the same.

Question 3

Regarding people who are within one's circle of moral concern is called

Accepted Answer

A)  moral exclusion.
B)  moral inclusion.
C)  exclusive altruism.
D)  ingroup moralism.

Question 4

Which of the following techniques should elementary schoolteachers use if they hope to promote enduring altruistic tendencies in students?

Accepted Answer

A)  Show them films of heroes who risked their own welfare to help others.
B)  Offer a new bicycle to the boy or girl who is most helpful to other students in a two-week period.
C)  Reprimand and punish any overt aggression.
D)  Instill a sense of patriotism.

Question 5

According to the bystander effect,

Accepted Answer

A)  we are more likely to help others when others are present.
B)  we are less likely to help others when others are present.
C)  we are unaffected by bystanders when help is needed.
D)  a bystander is the person most likely to help.

Question 6

Studies of the effects of mood on helping suggest that adults who feel _______ are more likely than those in a neutral control condition to help.

Accepted Answer

A)  guilty
B)  intense grief
C)  unhappy
D)  superior

Question 7

The idea that altruism toward one's close relatives enhances the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary kinship.
B)  altruistic selection.
C)  kin selection.
D)  self-serving helpfulness.

Question 8

In helping situations,

Accepted Answer

A)  women offer more than men.
B)  men offer more than women.
C)  there are gender differences depending on the situation.
D)  men respond to a friend's problem more than women.

Question 9

You are most likely to receive help when there are _____ witnesses to your plight.

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  6
C)  10
D)  14

Question 10

Who among the following psychologists believes that genuine empathy-induced altruism is part of human nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darley
B)  Schaller
C)  Cialdini
D)  Batson

Question 11

From an evolutionary perspective,it would be most difficult to explain why

Accepted Answer

A)  John paid his son's hospital bill.
B)  Phyllis helped her mother clean the house.
C)  William helped his next-door neighbor paint his house.
D)  Ruth risked her life to save a stranger from being murdereD.

Question 12

A classmate of Bianca's wants to borrow Bianca's notes to study for an upcoming exam.Research suggests that Bianca will most likely agree if the classmate says she needs the notes because she

Accepted Answer

A)  takes inadequate notes.
B)  does not like this class as well as her other courses.
C)  has been absent due to illness.
D)  has not been able to concentrate in class.

Question 13

A major weakness of the reward theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is impossible to test experimentally.
B)  fails to account for the reciprocal exchange of favors.
C)  easily degenerates into explaining-by-naming.
D)  ignores the role of internal self-rewards in motivating altruism.

Question 14

University students were more willing to make a charity pledge when

Accepted Answer

A)   they were promised a pledge in return.
B)  it was for someone who had bought them candy.
C)  it was anonymous.
D)  the pledge was unsolicited.

Question 15

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation,Darley and Batson (1973) studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behavior was influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  religious education.
B)  age differences.
C)  social responsibility.
D)  time pressures.

Question 16

Before agreeing to help out at the local homeless shelter,Sharon weighs the costs (e.g. ,getting up at dawn) and benefits (e.g. ,feeling good about herself) of doing so.This strategy can be predicted by the

Accepted Answer

A)  empathy-altruism hypothesis.
B)  social-exchange theory.
C)  social responsibility norm.
D)  social comparison theory.

Question 17

You trip over a fallen branch and sprain your ankle.According to research on the bystander effect,a stranger who sees your plight will be most likely to offer aid if there are _______ others present.

Accepted Answer

A)  no
B)  two
C)  four
D)  ten

Question 18

Ben is highly disturbed by the screaming he hears from the street below his apartment.To help reduce his distress he goes to see if someone needs help.Ben's behavior seems to be motivated by

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism.
B)  the gaining of external rewards.
C)  the gaining of an internal reward.
D)  guilt.

Question 19

You are asked to participate in a blood drive.In thinking about doing so,you weigh the costs (e.g. ,being pricked by a needle) and benefits (e.g. ,feeling good about yourself) of doing so.This strategy can be predicted by the

Accepted Answer

A)  empathy-altruism hypothesis.
B)  social-exchange theory.
C)  social responsibility norm.
D)  social comparison theory.

Question 20

Sociologist Gouldner (1960) contended that the norm of reciprocity

Accepted Answer

A)  is the ultimate basis for feelings of empathy.
B)  is stronger in females than in males.
C)  is as universal as the incest taboo.
D)  has little application in close relationships such as marriage.

Exam 12: Helping

In helping situations,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before agreeing to help out at the local homeless shelter,Sharon weighs the costs (e.g. ,getting up at dawn) and benefits (e.g. ,feeling good about herself) of doing so.This strategy can be predicted by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that altruism toward one's close relatives enhances the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

University students were more willing to make a charity pledge when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation,Darley and Batson (1973) studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behavior was influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From an evolutionary perspective,it would be most difficult to explain why

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We feel empathic concern in all of the following situations except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sociologist Gouldner (1960) contended that the norm of reciprocity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following techniques should elementary schoolteachers use if they hope to promote enduring altruistic tendencies in students?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ben is highly disturbed by the screaming he hears from the street below his apartment.To help reduce his distress he goes to see if someone needs help.Ben's behavior seems to be motivated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of the effects of mood on helping suggest that adults who feel _______ are more likely than those in a neutral control condition to help.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the bystander effect,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who among the following psychologists believes that genuine empathy-induced altruism is part of human nature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major weakness of the reward theory is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are asked to participate in a blood drive.In thinking about doing so,you weigh the costs (e.g. ,being pricked by a needle) and benefits (e.g. ,feeling good about yourself) of doing so.This strategy can be predicted by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding people who are within one's circle of moral concern is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You trip over a fallen branch and sprain your ankle.According to research on the bystander effect,a stranger who sees your plight will be most likely to offer aid if there are _______ others present.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Belle is deliriously happy because she has recently fallen in love with Sean.Which of the following behaviors should we most likely expect from Belle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are most likely to receive help when there are _____ witnesses to your plight.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A classmate of Bianca's wants to borrow Bianca's notes to study for an upcoming exam.Research suggests that Bianca will most likely agree if the classmate says she needs the notes because she

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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