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When USB flash drives started becoming popular, customers stopped purchasing CDs. As a result, USB flash drives almost completely replaced CDs in the market and became the accepted market standard for storage devices. In the context of innovation streams, this scenario best illustrates _____.


A) a dominant design
B) the compression approach to innovation
C) the experiential approach to innovation
D) a design iteration

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The employees of Carlofen, a cell phone manufacturer, raised a concern to their management about their poor pay and excess workload. However, the management failed to address their issue, so a majority of them resigned at once. As a result, the company's sales began to fall and its overall performance began to deteriorate. This scenario best illustrates _____.


A) organizational decline
B) a design iteration
C) a technological discontinuity
D) generational change

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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When LED televisions started becoming popular in the city of Jazetta, all the electronic stores in the city stopped selling CRT televisions. Following this, LED televisions dominated the market and became the accepted market standard for televisions in the city. In the context of innovation streams, this scenario best illustrates _____.


A) a dominant design
B) the compression approach to innovation
C) the experiential approach to innovation
D) a design iteration

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The customers of Curtofan, a gaming console manufacturer, stopped purchasing its traditional hand-held gaming device after it introduced a real-time, high-end gaming device. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?


A) Technological singularity
B) Technological lockout
C) Technological substitution
D) Technological determinism

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Bankruptcy or dissolution is likely to occur in the crisis stage unless a company completely reorganizes the way it does business.

A) True
B) False

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Solylin, a company that manufactures electronic goods, has introduced solar chargers that are compatible with all brands and models of cell phones in the market. These chargers help save costs because they work on solar power, and they are sold at a lower price than traditional chargers. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following does this scenario best illustrate?


A) Change intervention
B) Unfreezing
C) Incremental change
D) Refreezing

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Wenayton, a company that manufactures and supplies ceramic kitchenware, uses broken and rejected pieces of ceramics to design its office interiors. It also uses novel ways to utilize solar energy for interior lighting. This scenario best illustrates _____.


A) organizational innovation
B) corporate entropy
C) reverse engineering
D) agile development

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The chefs at Lorifusion, a continental restaurant, are given the freedom to try out new ways of presenting their dishes. This helps them avoid monotony and encourages them to innovate. The employees believe that this challenges their skills and keeps them interested and motivated. In the context of managing sources of innovation, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?


A) A creative work environment
B) Generational change
C) Technological lockout
D) A compression approach to innovation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is an error that managers make in the refreezing phase?


A) They do not create a powerful enough coalition.
B) They undercommunicate the vision by a factor of ten.
C) They declare victory too soon.
D) They lack a vision for change.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following best defines results-driven change?


A) It is the change created quickly by focusing on the measurement and improvement of outcomes.
B) It is the change based on incremental improvements to a dominant technological design such that the improved technology is fully backward compatible with the older technology.
C) It is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition.
D) It is the phase of a technology cycle in which companies innovate by lowering costs and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant technological design.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of creative work environments?


A) Work is less challenging when it demands attention and focus.
B) Numerous studies have indicated that creative ideas cannot thrive under conditions of freedom.
C) Supervisory encouragement of creativity occurs when management encourages risk taking.
D) Workers become bored when they can do more than is required of them.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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An innovation stream begins with _____.


A) a technological discontinuity
B) a design iteration
C) technological lockout
D) the emergence of a dominant design

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Mozbert is a company that manufactures and supplies wireless headsets. It started an online advertising campaign that explains the advantages and ease of using wireless headsets over wired headsets. As a mitigation plan, Beloway, a wired headset manufacturer, launched new offers and discounts to retain its customers. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?


A) Design competition
B) Technological lockout
C) Technological substitution
D) Design iteration

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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When Dalemend Inc. started manufacturing gaming consoles, it had difficulties with performance growth. Over time, the consoles began performing well, and the company's growth rate became rapid. However, after this period of rapid growth, the performance growth rate began to drop again. In the context of technology cycles, this scenario best illustrates _____.


A) a compression approach to innovation
B) resistance to change
C) technological lockout
D) the S-curve pattern of innovation

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The products manufactured by Answeronn, a manufacturer of answering machines, initially showed a slow progress rate, but the performance of the products eventually began improving rapidly. However, the progress rate began to drop again. All these changes took place during a three-year period. In the context of technology cycles, this scenario best illustrates _____.


A) a compression approach to innovation
B) resistance to change
C) the S-curve pattern of innovation
D) technological lockout

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Curtab, a company that manufactures digital watches, implements marketing strategies to attempt to eliminate analog watches from the market and thereby increase the market share of the company. To counter this, analog watch manufacturers introduce new advertising campaigns. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?


A) Design competition
B) Technological lockout
C) Technological substitution
D) Design iteration

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Organizational development takes a short-range approach to change.

A) True
B) False

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Arthumt's carpool service application gained popularity among its customers within a few months of its release. However, the customers eventually discovered that the application caused the phone battery to heat up to abnormal levels. This made them switch to a newer and efficient application. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?


A) Technological singularity
B) The compression approach to innovation
C) The experiential approach to innovation
D) Technological lockout

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Keniey, a company that manufactures and supplies home appliances, launches a fully automatic advanced food processor that performs the functions of slicing, chopping, grinding, shredding, grating, pureeing, kneading, mixing, and blending. The product is priced lower than semi-automatic food processors sold by other brands. In the context of innovation streams, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?


A) Change intervention
B) Unfreezing
C) Incremental change
D) Refreezing

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of technological lockout?


A) It occurs when customers purchase new technologies to replace older technologies.
B) It occurs when a new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products.
C) It occurs when companies innovate by improving the functioning and performance of the existing dominant design.
D) It occurs when new technologies compete to establish a new technological standard.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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