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Discuss the various individual approaches toward managing stress.

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The various individual approaches toward...

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Louise is overwhelmed with the new tasks that she has been assigned after the department merger. Each day, she arrives at work and makes a list of the new tasks, writes a number next to each one according to the urgency of completion, and schedules a time to complete each one. Although she's still stressed, Louise is able to get most of the work done and feels better at the end of the day. Louise is using ________ techniques to reduce her stress.


A) job enrichment
B) goal setting
C) relaxation
D) time-management
E) job enlargement

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Procedural fairness while implementing changes is especially important when ________.


A) the organization is facing intense competition
B) the employees have participated in the decision-making process
C) the employees perceive the outcome as negative
D) the environment in which the business operates is dynamic
E) the employees are resisting the change due to group inertia

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Compare and contrast challenge stressors and hindrance stressors.

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Researchers have argued that challenge s...

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The application of direct threats or force upon resisters is called ________.


A) negotiation
B) cooptation
C) manipulation
D) coercion
E) arbitration

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Belonging creates paradoxes between establishing a sense of collective identity and acknowledging our desire to be recognized and accepted as unique individuals.

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Which of the following is the last step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?


A) Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change.
B) Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed.
C) Communicate the vision throughout the organization.
D) Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success.
E) Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new programs.

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________ are persons who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing refinement activities.


A) Early adopters
B) Free riders
C) Laggards
D) Change agents
E) Whistle-blowers

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A paper sales company designs and offers a new method of purchasing and shipping commercial quantities of paper through its Web site. The company used to do its business through its sales representative. This is an example of a(n) ________ change.


A) accidental
B) secondary
C) planned
D) cognitive
E) integrated

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Companies with dominant market share are less susceptible to the forces of change than smaller businesses.

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Which of the following resistances to change is overt and immediate?


A) loss of loyalty
B) increased absenteeism
C) loss of motivation
D) increased error
E) complaint

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An example of change in competition is ________.


A) U.S. manufactured Toyota vehicles
B) collapse of Enron Corporation
C) Iraq-U.S. war
D) increased interest in urban living
E) a decrease in interest rates

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Paradox theory states the key paradox in management is that there is no final optimal status for an organization.

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Which of the following types of jobs is least likely to create stress and reduce satisfaction?


A) jobs that make multiple and conflicting demands
B) jobs that provide a high level of feedback
C) jobs that lack clarity about the employee's duties
D) jobs that provide the employees less control over the pace of their work
E) jobs that provide a low level of variety

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Organizations are increasingly adjusting their processes and positioning their products as environment friendly and sustainable in order to increase their appeal to consumers. This is a response to changes in ________.


A) demographic trends
B) social trends
C) cultural trends
D) legal requirements
E) nature of the workforce

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Which of the following is an organizational development technique that involves an outsider assisting a manager to identify what to improve and how?


A) action research
B) intergroup development
C) appreciative inquiry
D) process consultation
E) social reinforcement

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Organizationally supported programs that focus on the employee's total physical and mental condition, such as helping them quit smoking or control alcohol use, are called ________ programs.


A) job redesign
B) relaxation
C) employee involvement
D) organizational development
E) wellness

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Who built on Lewin's three-step model to create a more detailed eight-step plan for implementing change?


A) John Kotter
B) David McClelland
C) Douglas Surber
D) Lawrence Summers
E) Henry Mintzberg

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An example of change in the nature of the workforce is an increase in ________.


A) college attendance
B) mergers and consolidations
C) capital investment
D) divorce rates
E) the multicultural environment

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Appreciative inquiry (AI) is an organizational development technique. Which of the following statements is true regarding appreciative inquiry?


A) It tries to identify discrepancies among member perceptions and solve these differences.
B) It uses high-interaction group activities to increase trust and openness among team members, improve coordinative efforts, and increase team performance.
C) It involves an outside consultant who helps the manager to analyze processes within his or her unit and identify what to improve and how.
D) It consists of four steps including discovery, dreaming, design, and destiny.
E) It seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions about each other.

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