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Exam 17: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Which is the exotoxin of botulism?

A) Hemolysin
B) Tetanospasm
C) Peroxidase
D) Factor V
E) Botulinum

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes ________.

A) debridement
B) washing bite with soap or detergent
C) infusing the wound with human rabies immune globulin (HRIG)
D) postexposure vaccination with inactive vaccine
E) All of the choices are correct.

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease live ________.

A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care unit from the emergency department. The patient lives in a dormitory at her university and her roommate brought her to the hospital because "she is not acting like herself." The patient was previously healthy to the roommate's knowledge, involved in campus activities, and an excellent student. The RN collects the patient's history of present illness from her roommate. About two weeks prior, the patient began feeling ill. She had nasal congestion and was diagnosed with a sinus infection at the student health clinic. However, the patient reportedly decided against taking the prescribed antibiotics because she did not believe they were necessary. She developed high fevers and one day ago began complaining of a stiff neck. That morning, she was more lethargic, making nonsensical statements, and had a fever of 105°F. Her roommate was frightened by her change in behavior and drove her to the hospital. -Based upon the patient's symptoms,which of the following tests is most important to obtain a diagnosis?

Production of a neurotoxin that prevents acetylcholine release from motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions is a characteristic of ________.

A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care unit from the emergency department. The patient lives in a dormitory at her university and her roommate brought her to the hospital because "she is not acting like herself." The patient was previously healthy to the roommate's knowledge, involved in campus activities, and an excellent student. The RN collects the patient's history of present illness from her roommate. About two weeks prior, the patient began feeling ill. She had nasal congestion and was diagnosed with a sinus infection at the student health clinic. However, the patient reportedly decided against taking the prescribed antibiotics because she did not believe they were necessary. She developed high fevers and one day ago began complaining of a stiff neck. That morning, she was more lethargic, making nonsensical statements, and had a fever of 105°F. Her roommate was frightened by her change in behavior and drove her to the hospital. -What is the best measure of prevention for pneumococcus? 

Which of the following is a sign of meningitis?

Although many viruses can cause meningitis,the most common viral cause is ________.

An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volunteer in a medical clinic. The clinic is in an underdeveloped rural area. A 5-year-old boy is brought into the clinic with a high fever, sore throat, body aches, and weakness. Through the translator, the nurse finds out that the boy has been sick for about a week. He is noted to be barefoot and his mother reports he plays in area ponds to stay cool. -The RN assists in educating the patient's mother about the diagnosis through a translator.What is the causative agent for polio?  

Each of the following is true for Listeria monocytogenes except ________.

A 75-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after having a seizure at her home. The woman's son reports she has not been acting normally. She complained of a severe headache and he noted a hand tremor and an unsteady gait. The past few days, she developed a high fever. Upon assessment by the medical team, the woman is not responding verbally. The nurse collects the patient's history from her son, which is notable for a recent camping trip in the woods. -The RN updates the patient's son on the plan of treatment.What is the most appropriate antibiotic to treat this illness?  

Meningococci initially colonize the ________.

Neisseria meningitidis is transmitted by ________.

Each of the following is true for Toxoplasma gondii except ________.

In an effort to limit transmission of the Zika virus,scientists have genetically modified the Aedes mosquito.  Evaluate the statements below and determine which describes the most plausible method to minimize disease.

Up to 50% of persons who survived polio as children will suffer from post-polio syndrome later in life.

Neonatal meningitis is most commonly transmitted by ________.

The Salk IPV and the Sabin OPV differ from one another in that ________.

Place the following in order from skull to brain: 1) subarachnoid space; 2) arachnoid mater; 3) dura mater; 4) pia mater.