Question 1

If a test measures what it is supposed to measure it is

Accepted Answer

A)  reliable.
B)  valid.
C)  criterion referenced.
D)  standardized.

Question 2

Graphology,or handwriting analysis,uses precise measurements in order to determine personality characteristics from a sample of one's handwriting.However,there is little empirical evidence to suggest that graphology is accurate in determining one's personality from a handwriting sample.Graphology is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  fortune-telling.
B)  common sense.
C)  pseudoscience.
D)  numerology.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the coefficient of correlation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive correlations are meaningful,but negative correlations are not.
B)  Negative correlations are weak,but positive correlations are strong.
C)  Correlations close to +1.0 or -1.0 are strong,whereas correlations close to 0 are weak.
D)  A strong correlation is indicative of a causal relationship between variables.

Question 4

The ability of a test to measure what it is designed to measure is called reliability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When researchers visited 32 pubs in one city to study drinking habits,they recorded their observations on napkins and pieces of newspaper.The reason they kept records in this way was

Accepted Answer

A)  to conduct a double-blind study in each of the pubs.
B)  to make sure the study had reliability.
C)  to be able to determine experimenter effects at a later point in time.
D)  to make sure that their intentions were not obvious to those they were observing.

Question 6

A difference between basic research and applied research is that

Accepted Answer

A)  basic research involves experimentation and applied research involves psychiatry.
B)  basic research studies physical processes and applied research studies mental processes.
C)  basic research studies animals and applied research studies humans.
D)  the goal of basic research is simply to acquire knowledge whereas applied research tries to solve practical problems.

Question 7

Which of the following terms refers to the idea that people who participate in research studies must do so voluntarily and must be given enough information to make an intelligent decision about whether to participate?

Accepted Answer

A)  validity
B)  experimental clarification
C)  informed consent
D)  the basic research ethic

Question 8

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

An obscure neurologist in Vienna,Austria,came to the conclusion that his patient's symptoms had mental rather than physical causes.From this insight,his broad theory of personality evolved.The neurologist was

Accepted Answer

A)  Wilhelm Wundt.
B)  William James.
C)  Sigmund Freud.
D)  Joseph Gall.

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the professional activities of psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  All psychologists see patients.
B)  Some psychologists serve as consultants to governments or businesses.
C)  Psychology researchers are not allowed to do work in nonacademic settings.
D)  Psychology researchers are not allowed to provide counseling services in a mental health setting.

Question 11

Phrenologists suggested that specific character and personality traits could be read from bumps on the head.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Psychology is defined generally as

Accepted Answer

A)  the study of behavior and mental processes.
B)  the study of the mind of humans and other animals.
C)  the study of mental health and illness.
D)  the study of the human mind.

Question 13

Sheila's psychology professor uses the term "psychobabble" in class one day.The professor is referring to

Accepted Answer

A)  an innate mental module that allows young children to develop language.
B)  pseudoscience covered by a veneer of psychological language.
C)  incoherent speech linked by remote associations called word salads.
D)  a child's first word combinations which omit unnecessary words.

Question 14

Observational studies are more useful for describing behavior than for explaining behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

To most people,the word psychologist conjures up an image of a therapist listening intently to a client,but not all psychologists do clinical work.Describe the different professional activities of psychologists with doctorates.Include examples of work in each of the three general categories.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 16

Dawn is systematically recording behaviors at a nursery school,making sure that she doesn't interfere with the behaviors.Dawn is engaged in

Accepted Answer

A)  observational research.
B)  survey research.
C)  experimental research.
D)  double-blind research.

Question 17

Dennis believes that women are worse drivers than men.He always notices examples of poor women drivers,but ignores evidence to the contrary,such as poor male drivers or good female drivers.Dennis's behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the principle of falsifiability.
B)  critical thinking.
C)  the confirmation bias.
D)  oversimplifying.

Question 18

Why is "tolerating uncertainty" considered an important skill for critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

Tolerating uncertainty allows ...

Question 19

Which of the following is a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy emphasizing unconscious motives and conflicts?

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalism
B)  phrenology
C)  trained introspection
D)  psychoanalysis

Question 20

The psychology that is studied in this textbook bears little relation to the "pop psych" found in self-help books.In our textbook,the psychological information is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalytic truths.
B)  the ideas of prominent authors.
C)  empirical evidence.
D)  the most up-to-date theories.

Exam 1: What Is Psychology

Which of the following is a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy emphasizing unconscious motives and conflicts?

Correct Answer
verified

Phrenologists suggested that specific character and personality traits could be read from bumps on the head.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true about the professional activities of psychologists?

Correct Answer
verified

Psychology is defined generally as

Correct Answer
verified

Dennis believes that women are worse drivers than men.He always notices examples of poor women drivers,but ignores evidence to the contrary,such as poor male drivers or good female drivers.Dennis's behavior is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following terms refers to the idea that people who participate in research studies must do so voluntarily and must be given enough information to make an intelligent decision about whether to participate?

Correct Answer
verified

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Correct Answer
verified

To most people,the word psychologist conjures up an image of a therapist listening intently to a client,but not all psychologists do clinical work.Describe the different professional activities of psychologists with doctorates.Include examples of work in each of the three general categories.

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Observational studies are more useful for describing behavior than for explaining behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Dawn is systematically recording behaviors at a nursery school,making sure that she doesn't interfere with the behaviors.Dawn is engaged in

Correct Answer
verified

Sheila's psychology professor uses the term "psychobabble" in class one day.The professor is referring to

Correct Answer
verified

Why is "tolerating uncertainty" considered an important skill for critical thinking?

Correct Answer
verified
Tolerating uncertainty allows ...
View Answer

When researchers visited 32 pubs in one city to study drinking habits,they recorded their observations on napkins and pieces of newspaper.The reason they kept records in this way was

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

An obscure neurologist in Vienna,Austria,came to the conclusion that his patient's symptoms had mental rather than physical causes.From this insight,his broad theory of personality evolved.The neurologist was

Correct Answer
verified

The psychology that is studied in this textbook bears little relation to the "pop psych" found in self-help books.In our textbook,the psychological information is based on

Correct Answer
verified

If a test measures what it is supposed to measure it is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about the coefficient of correlation is true?

Correct Answer
verified

The ability of a test to measure what it is designed to measure is called reliability.

Correct Answer
verified

A difference between basic research and applied research is that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: What Is Psychology

Which of the following is a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy emphasizing unconscious motives and conflicts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phrenologists suggested that specific character and personality traits could be read from bumps on the head.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about the professional activities of psychologists?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychology is defined generally as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dennis believes that women are worse drivers than men.He always notices examples of poor women drivers,but ignores evidence to the contrary,such as poor male drivers or good female drivers.Dennis's behavior is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms refers to the idea that people who participate in research studies must do so voluntarily and must be given enough information to make an intelligent decision about whether to participate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To most people,the word psychologist conjures up an image of a therapist listening intently to a client,but not all psychologists do clinical work.Describe the different professional activities of psychologists with doctorates.Include examples of work in each of the three general categories.

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

Observational studies are more useful for describing behavior than for explaining behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dawn is systematically recording behaviors at a nursery school,making sure that she doesn't interfere with the behaviors.Dawn is engaged in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sheila's psychology professor uses the term "psychobabble" in class one day.The professor is referring to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is "tolerating uncertainty" considered an important skill for critical thinking?

Correct AnswerverifiedTolerating uncertainty allows ...View AnswerShow Answer

When researchers visited 32 pubs in one city to study drinking habits,they recorded their observations on napkins and pieces of newspaper.The reason they kept records in this way was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An obscure neurologist in Vienna,Austria,came to the conclusion that his patient's symptoms had mental rather than physical causes.From this insight,his broad theory of personality evolved.The neurologist was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychology that is studied in this textbook bears little relation to the "pop psych" found in self-help books.In our textbook,the psychological information is based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a test measures what it is supposed to measure it is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the coefficient of correlation is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of a test to measure what it is designed to measure is called reliability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A difference between basic research and applied research is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Tolerating uncertainty allows ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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